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A cat urinating outside its litter box is rarely acting out of "spite." Frequently, this behavior indicates a painful lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) or feline interstitial cystitis.
Staff are trained to spot early signs of fear, such as lip-licking, whale-eye (showing the whites of the eyes), or a tucked tail, stopping before the animal panics.
Traditional Handling Fear-Free Practices -------------------- ------------------- Scruffing and heavy restraint ---> Pheromone diffusers & treats Forcing onto slippery tables ---> Examining on the floor or lap Ignoring growls/hisses ---> Pausing and using chemical sedation Core Tenets of Low-Stress Veterinary Visits
